GastroPlus® as simulating/ conducting software for modeling physiologically-based pharmacokinetics & physiologically based biopharmaceutics.

Authors

Yasir Qasim Almajidi, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.Follow
Rafif Raad Faisal, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Ahmed Yaseen, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Gelgamish University, Baghdad, Iraq
Maher abdulrazzaq luqman al-hakeem, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Abstract

The development of dosage forms necessitates the evaluation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), which aids scientists in elucidating the drug's mechanism of action and achieving optimal composite design. The incorporation of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) efficacy studies in the early phases of lead identification and optimisation within drug development can markedly expedite the selection of the most promising dosage forms. The rapid advancement of computer hardware, software, and algorithms, along with drug screening and PK/PD evaluation, has significantly benefited from various computational methods, which substantially decrease the time and cost associated with drug development. Computational pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling enhances the translation of in vitro compound potency to in vivo contexts and minimises the necessity for in vivo animal studies. This review seeks to provide people unfamiliar with the insilico program with a fundamental understanding of its main principles. This review initially examines the significance of insilico software in PK/PD evaluation, covering its history, applications, developers, and the latest version. The second part focusses on the use of GastroPlusTM to illustrate the absorption pathway through pre-formulation data. The input data encompassed a physico-chemical evaluation of the drugs, which included measurements of drug solubility in simulated physiological conditions and the assessment of permeability, with some examples (R1315 - Sertraline - piroxicam).

Recommended Citation

Almajidi, Yasir Qasim; Faisal, Rafif Raad; Yaseen, Ahmed; and al-hakeem, Maher abdulrazzaq luqman (2025) "GastroPlus® as simulating/ conducting software for modeling physiologically-based pharmacokinetics & physiologically based biopharmaceutics.," Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences: Vol. 4 : Iss. 3 , Article 1.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.55810/2789-9136.1078

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