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Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disorder, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. One nutrient deficiency specifically associated with the progression of diabetes is that of micronutrients, especially zinc. This paper reviews the role of zinc in insulin synthesis, secretion, and action, whilst reviewing the potential interaction with oral antidiabetic drugs.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate serum zinc concentrations in T2DM patients and examine their correlation with fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in individuals using oral antidiabetic medications.

Methods:A case-control study was conducted from March 2023 to September 2023 included 50 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and 50 healthy controls. Serum zinc and fasting blood glucose were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and enzymatic UV methods, respectively. Statistical analyses performed are t-test, chi-square test and correlation analyses at P

Results: T2DM patients had higher FBG (379.8 ± 98.0 mg/dL vs 106.3 ± 12.4 mg/dL, P = 0.0001) and lower zinc (22.4 ± 14.0 µg/dL vs136. 1 ± 31.6 µg/dL, P = 0·0001). Sex did not impact zinc levels or FBG. There appeared a weak positive correlation between zinc levels and disease duration (r = 0.27, P ≤ 0.05), while no correlation was found with FBG.

Conclusion: The study emphasizes zinc deficiency's potential as a treatment target and highlights how common it is in T2DM patients. Diabetes care plans must incorporate micronutrient management because poor glycemic control and zinc depletion persist even after oral antidiabetic medication.

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